Номер 4, страница 91 - гдз по английскому языку 8 класс учебник Лапицкая, Демченко

4a. Alesya’s father has a huge collection of coins and a big library of books on the history of money. Listen and read the page from one of his books and check your answers in ex. 3. Who’s the winner in the game show?

Why did people start using money? At first people bartered, which means they exchanged things they had for things they needed. A farmer who had cattle wanted to have salt, so cattle became a form of money.

Throughout their history people have used different things as money: knives and rice in China, cattle in Babylonia, tobacco in America, whales’ teeth and shells on the Pacific islands.

The first government to make coins that looked alike and use them as money was probably the city of Lydia in Ancient Greece. The coins were made from a mixture of gold and silver. But they were heavy and difficult to carry, and the cities and the roads of Europe were dangerous places to carry huge purses with gold. In the early 1700s, France’s government became the first in Europe to make paper money — banknotes or bills as they say in the US. But paper money, as well as the first coins ever, was invented in China, where traveller Marco Polo saw it in the 1280s. Now people carry plastic credit cards in their wallets instead of cash, which makes travelling even safer and more convenient. With your credit card you can take money from the cash machine at any time you need it.

When you go to a foreign country, one of the first things you may see is what money looks like. Banknotes of different countries show queens or presidents or other famous people. But you also may find a tiger or elephant (India), cows and fruit (Nigeria), a map (Norway), or even schoolchildren (Taiwan).

Many countries in Europe now have the same currency; all their coins and paper money are euros. Great Britain, however, is still using pounds. People in France and Italy miss their currencies – francs and lire. But they agree that now money travels easily from one country to another. This makes it easier to make financial deals between countries. And tourists can use the same kind of money to pay for a slice of pizza whether it’s in Italy or in France. People travelling to other countries usually need to convert (change) their money into the local currency. For that an exchange rate (курс обмена валют) is used.

4b. Explain the meaning of the words in bold.

4b. Объясните значение слов, выделенных жирным шрифтом.

Ответ:

bartered: To exchange goods, services, etc. for other things without using money.

to carry: To hold something and move it from one place to another.

cash machine: A machine that provides cash to a bank's customers after they insert a plastic card.

currency: The type of money that is used by a particular country.

exchange rate: The value of one country's money when changing it into the money of another country.

Перевод:

bartered (обменивались): Обменивать товары, услуги и т. д. на другие вещи без использования денег.

to carry (носить): Держать что-либо и перемещать это с одного места на другое.

cash machine (банкомат): Аппарат, который выдает наличные деньги клиентам банка после того, как они вставят пластиковую карту.

currency (валюта): Тип денег, который используется в определенной стране.

exchange rate (курс обмена валют): Стоимость денег одной страны при их обмене на деньги другой страны.