Номер 3, страница 127 - гдз по английскому языку 9 класс учебник Лапицкая, Демченко

3. Work with the information from the “Weather-Wise Magazine” paragraph by paragraph in the following order:

A. Listen and read along. Say if it answers any of the re-searcher’s questions (ex. 2). Ask your classmates the meaning of the words you do not remember (but not the words in bold).

B. Read aloud together with the class and guess the meaning of the words in bold. Check with the class.

C. Look through the text of the paragraph again and find the key sentence. Compare with the class and write it down in your exer-cise book.

A. Weather occurs ([əˈkɜːz] = happens, is found) in the at-mosphere [ˈætməsfiə], or in the air between the Earth’s surface [ˈsɜːfɪs] and space, which consists (is made up) of a few layers (see the picture). To be more exact¹, weather usually occurs in the layer closest to the Earth – up to 15 kilo-metres. Only really big storms can go into the next layer of the atmo-sphere.

Altitude
Exosphere
300 km
Thermosphere
87 km Mesosphere
50 km Stratosphere
11 km Troposphere

In the first layer temperatures drop about 6.5 degrees Celsius [ˈselsɪəs] as you go higher one kilome-tre. The higher from the Earth, the fewer molecules [ˈmɒlɪkjuːlz] of oxy-gen and other gases there are in the atmosphere.

B. The simplest explanation of weather is that it is the state (состояние) of atmosphere at a definite time and place on the Earth. It can be hot or cold, dry or not, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. This condition (state) is influenced (подвержено влия-нию) by a number of atmospheric [ˌætməsˈferɪk] factors, such as air pressure, temperature [ˈtemprɪtʃə], hu-midity, precipitation.

C. Temperature is how hot or cold some-thing is, for example air, land or water. Tem-perature is measured [ˈmezəd] in degrees Cel-sius or Fahrenheit [ˈfærənhaɪt].

D. The air around us is never completely dry – it is humid. It means that it (содержит) water in the form of vapour, which is a gas. Hu-midity is the amount (количество) of water vapour in the air. Cold air can hold less water vapour than warm air.

Weather forecasts give relative humidity as a percent-age [pəˈsentɪdʒ]. For example, 50 percent humidity means that the air is holding only half of the amount of water vapour it can hold at this temperature. 100 percent¹ humidity is the point (точка) where the air can hold no more water vapour – and wa-ter vapour turns into water.

E.Precipitation is the term given to moisture that falls from the air to the ground. The most common form of precipi-tation is rain, snow, hail, sleet, driz-zle, fog, mist.

F. Atmospheric pressure is the weight² of the air pressing down on the Earth’s surface and on everybody and everything on the Earth’s surfa-ce. On weather maps pressure is shown with lines called isobars [ˈaɪsəubɑːz]. High and low pressure areas on weather maps are marked with H or L.

Warm air is lighter (легче) than cold air, cold air is heavier (тяжелее) than warm air. In cold air, molecules are close³ to each other, and they do not move fast. In warm air, molecules are more active, they move faster and they are far from each other. High pressure near the Earth’s surface occurs when air becomes colder and falls. Low pres-sure occurs when air is warm and rises.

Pressure is an important factor in forecasting weather. In low-pres-sure areas of the Northern hemi-sphere (полушарие), weather is usu-ally cloudy and winds are strong. In high-pressure areas, weather is usually dry and fair with light winds.

¹percent – процент
²weight [weɪt] – вес
³close [kləʊs] to each other – близко друг к другу

3. Проработайте информацию из журнала «Weather-Wise Magazine» абзац за абзацем в следующем порядке:

A. Слушайте и читайте одновременно. Скажите, отвечает ли текст на какие-либо вопросы исследователя (упр. 2). Спросите у одноклассников значение слов, которые вы не помните (но не выделенных жирным).

B. Прочитайте вслух вместе с классом и угадайте значение выделенных жирным слов. Сверьтесь с классом.

C. Снова просмотрите текст каждого абзаца и найдите ключевое предложение. Сравните с классом и запишите его в свою тетрадь.

Ответ:

A. To be more exact, weather usually occurs in the layer closest to the Earth – up to 15 kilometres.

B. The simplest explanation of weather is that it is the state of atmosphere at a definite time and place on the Earth.

C. Temperature is how hot or cold something is, for example air, land or water.

D. Humidity is the amount of water vapour in the air.

E. Precipitation is the term given to moisture that falls from the air to the ground.

F. Atmospheric pressure is the weight of the air pressing down on the Earth's surface and on everybody and everything on the Earth's surface.

Перевод:

A. Точнее говоря, погода обычно формируется в слое, ближайшем к Земле, – до 15 километров.

B. Простейшее объяснение погоды заключается в том, что это состояние атмосферы в определенное время и в определенном месте на Земле.

C. Температура — это то, насколько что-либо горячее или холодное, например, воздух, земля или вода.

D. Влажность — это количество водяного пара в воздухе.

E. Осадки — это термин, обозначающий влагу, которая выпадает из воздуха на землю.

F. Атмосферное давление — это вес воздуха, давящего на поверхность Земли и на всех и всё, что находится на поверхности Земли.