Номер 1, страница 196, часть 2 - гдз по английскому языку 10 класс учебник Демченко, Юхнель

LESSON 10. Culture corner. The country of castles

1. a. What castles and palaces in Belarus do you know?

b. Read the article about the architecture of Belarusian castles and palaces. Fill in the missing parts.

a rampart – вал / вал

a moat – ров / роў

In the Middle Ages, more than a hundred castles and other buildings of this kind existed in the lands of Belarus. That’s why it was called the “country of castles”. (1. ...) Although very few castles survived numerous war conflicts, and are mostly in ruins, they still remain true Belarusian gems.

In Belarus, the word “castle” is often used to describe a fortified place which served to protect the town against enemies. (2. ...)

The fortified architecture of Belarus is divided into stone and wooden architecture, according to the type of materials used in their construction. (3. ...)

The castles are also divided into two groups, depending on their location. The first group includes those built on steep hills. These older fortifications, which had appeared before the 15^th century, impress by their height and strength. (4. ...) Gothic features present in the architecture of many castles of the 14–16^th centuries.

In the 16–17^th centuries, the typical castle architecture of Belarus combined a strong fortification system of earth ramparts, deep moats, fortress walls and towers with the majestic inner palace design. (5. ...)

By the 18^th and the first half of the 19^th centuries, magnificent constructions in the Belarusian lands had revealed a high level of the architectural skill. (6. ...)

a) Stone and wood were often combined within one construction. Unfortunately, the wooden fortifications have not survived.

b) The palaces of that time and a great number built in the second half of the 19^th century, truly belong to the architectural heritage of Belarus.

c) The other group are the castles of a later period dating back from the 16^th century. They were the feudal castles located in the lowlands and surrounded by fortified walls topped with towers.

d) The fact that vast trade routes were running across these lands became the reason for constructing so many fortifications¹.

e) However, the term “castle” refers mainly to the fortified residences of the feudal [’fju:dәl] lords of the 16^th and 17^th centuries, which were both palace and castle complexes quite often.

f) The palace and castle complexes of the 16^th and 17^th centuries demonstrate a great variety of architectural compositions.

c. What do the adjectives below describe?

Numerous, majestic, steep, typical, strong, feudal, wooden, magnificent.

d. Act out a conversation between a tourist and a guide. Ask and answer the questions about the architecture of Belarusian castles. Then swap the roles and work in new pairs.

1. a. Какие замки и дворцы в Беларуси вы знаете?

1. b. Прочитайте статью об архитектуре белорусских замков и дворцов. Заполните пропуски.

1. c. Что описывают приведенные ниже прилагательные? Numerous, majestic, steep, typical, strong, feudal, wooden, magnificent.

1. d. Разыграйте диалог между туристом и гидом. Задайте вопросы об архитектуре белорусских замков и ответьте на них. Затем поменяйтесь ролями и поработайте в новых парах.

Ответ:

1. a. Mir Castle Complex, Nesvizh Castle, Lida Castle, Kosava Palace, Ruzhany Palace.

1. b. 1-d, 2-e, 3-a, 4-c, 5-f, 6-b.

1. c.

1. d. This is a role-playing task to practice conversation.

Перевод:

1. a. Мирский замок, Несвижский замок, Лидский замок, Коссовский дворец, Ружанский дворец.

1. b. 1-d, 2-e, 3-a, 4-c, 5-f, 6-b.

1. c.

1. d. Это задание на разыгрывание ролевой игры для практики диалога.