Номер 2, страница 54, часть 2 - гдз по английскому языку 10 класс учебник Демченко, Юхнель

2. a. Read the invention story. Ignore the verb forms in brackets. What is the connection of the lesson title and the story of Wilhelm Roentgen?

Wilhelm Roentgen – the man who (1. discover) X-rays – (2. be) originally very sceptical about them.

One day in 1895, he (3. prepare) to begin an experiment with cathode rays passing through a vacuum tube. In his dark laboratory, he (4. notice) some light on the screen across the room. He (5. start) placing various objects between the screen and the tube: a sheet of black cardboard, a thick book, then – a thick wooden shelf. The light (6. be) still visible.

He (7. experiment) with these objects for some time, when he (8. decide) to put a small lead [led] disk between the tube and the screen. After (9. do) that, he (10. see) a horrible shadow on the screen: the skeletal outline of the bones of his hand.

The scientist (11. be) late for his dinner that day. Hardly had Roentgen finished his food, when he returned to the lab to continue his experiments. Eventually, he (12. find) the courage to tell his wife what he (13. see). No sooner had he done that, than he asked her for help in a follow-up experiment. He (14. replace) the screen with photographic paper and (15. take) the world’s first X-ray. It (16. be) an image of the bones and a ring on his wife’s left hand.

The importance of the discovery (17. become) clear to the world very soon. However, Roentgen (18. be) a very shy person and (19. not/like) publicity, so he (20. refuse) to make public speeches about X-rays.

He (21. keep away) from fortune as well as fame. He never (22. patent) X-rays as he (23. think) they should be freely available to other researchers and medical workers. After (24. receive) the Nobel Prize in 1901, he (25. donate) the money to a scientific society.

By the time he (26. die) in 1923, the economic conditions after World War I and his unwillingness to make money from his discovery (27. leave) him penniless.

b. Use the verbs in brackets in the correct past tenses. Then listen and check.

c. Answer the questions:

1. Why did he place various objects between the tube and the screen? 2. Why was he late for dinner one day in 1895? 3. Why did he refuse to make public speeches? 4. Why didn’t he keep the Nobel Prize money? 5. Why was he left penniless at the end of his life? 6. What do you think about Wilhelm Roentgen and his discovery?

с. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Почему он помещал различные предметы между трубкой и экраном?

2. Почему он опоздал на ужин однажды в 1895 году?

3. Почему он отказывался выступать с публичными речами?

4. Почему он не оставил себе деньги Нобелевской премии?

5. Почему он остался без гроша в конце жизни?

6. Что вы думаете о Вильгельме Рентгене и его открытии?

Ответ:

1. He placed various objects between the tube and the screen to experiment with what could block the light he had noticed.

2. He was late for dinner because he was absorbed in his experiments after seeing the skeletal outline of his hand and immediately returned to his lab to continue them.

3. He refused to make public speeches because he was a very shy person and disliked publicity.

4. He didn't keep the Nobel Prize money because he donated it to a scientific society.

5. He was left penniless because of the economic conditions after World War I and his unwillingness to make money from his discovery.

6. Wilhelm Roentgen was a remarkable and selfless scientist. His dedication to science for the good of humanity, rather than for personal profit, is admirable. The discovery of X-rays was revolutionary for medicine and science, and his principle of making it freely available speaks volumes about his character.

Перевод:

1. Он помещал различные предметы между трубкой и экраном, чтобы поэкспериментировать с тем, что могло бы заблокировать замеченный им свет.

2. Он опоздал на ужин, потому что был поглощен своими экспериментами, увидев контур скелета своей руки, и немедленно вернулся в лабораторию, чтобы продолжить их.

3. Он отказывался выступать с публичными речами, потому что был очень застенчивым человеком и не любил публичности.

4. Он не оставил себе деньги Нобелевской премии, потому что пожертвовал их научному обществу.

5. Он остался без гроша из-за экономических условий после Первой мировой войны и своего нежелания зарабатывать на своем открытии.

6. Вильгельм Рентген был выдающимся и самоотверженным ученым. Его преданность науке на благо человечества, а не ради личной выгоды, достойна восхищения. Открытие рентгеновских лучей стало революционным для медицины и науки, а его принцип сделать его общедоступным многое говорит о его характере.