Номер 5, страница 59, часть 2 - гдз по английскому языку 10 класс учебник Демченко, Юхнель

5. a. Discuss with a partner:

1. What spheres of Belarusian science are likely to progress in the future?

2. What science careers will be in demand?

3. What are the prospects of scientific development in Belarus?

4. From an international perspective, can Belarusian science make an important contribution to the progress of the humanity?

Prospect ≠ perspective
Prospect – a possibility of something to be a success in the future.
Perspective – a way of thinking about something, a viewpoint.

b. Read about the future of science and technology in Belarus. Does the article answer the questions in ex. 5a?

R&D in RB

What do you think this article is about? You shouldn’t confuse the abbreviation in the title with a music style. It has nothing to do with R&B – rhythm and blues, which is popular African-American music. It is research and development or RTD – research and technological development: future-oriented, long-term activities in science and technology which are an important factor in the survival of a country’s economy.

What do scientists all over the world are focusing on now? How are they investing in the future? The spheres of their attention are:

• the artificial growing of human organs;

• artificial cells with a special collection of genes;

• the creation of nanomedications with programmed qualities;

• the creation of microrobots able to carry out manipulations in human organs;

• the creation of an artificial intelligence that can surpass the human brain;

• the creation of thought-controlled or sensor-controlled electronic machines;

• the development of smart city technologies, etc.

The head of the National Academy of Sciences thinks that Belarusian science is up-to-date with the modern trends. Belarusian biologists and doctors are actively working with the DNA and have already learnt how to edit the human genome. Some time ago, the National Centre for genome biotechnologies started working in the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physicists and information science specialists are working to develop the AI. They have already trained machines how to talk, read, communicate, and fulfil commands.

Work is continuing in the space industry as well. Belarus is working on the creation of a new satellite for the remote sensing of the Earth with a very high resolution – 0.35 metres. It is the world’s best achievement today.

Every year hundreds of patents are registered. Belarusian science and technology are becoming very competitive in the world market. Plasma and laser technologies, biotechnologies and information processes, chemical synthesis of substances are the areas with a high scientific and technological potential. The achievements of scientific schools that are known worldwide and have been recognised internationally lie mainly in the sphere of mathematics, theoretical physics, spectroscopy and luminescence, electronics, automation, thermophysics, machine building, geology, bioorganic chemistry, physiology, genetics, selection, soil science, cardiology, surgery, linguistics and other sciences. The results of some researchers have become scientific discoveries.

c. How can you rate the future of Belarusian science and technology?

5. a. Обсудите с партнером:

1. Какие сферы белорусской науки, скорее всего, будут прогрессировать в будущем?

2. Какие научные профессии будут востребованы?

3. Каковы перспективы научного развития в Беларуси?

4. С международной точки зрения, может ли белорусская наука внести важный вклад в прогресс человечества?

Ответ:

1. According to the text, spheres of Belarusian science likely to progress in the future include genome biotechnologies, artificial intelligence (AI), the space industry, plasma and laser technologies, nanomedications, and microrobots.

2. Based on the developing spheres, science careers in demand will likely be biologists and doctors working with the human genome, physicists and information science specialists developing AI, and engineers in the space industry.

3. The prospects of scientific development in Belarus are described as very positive. The text states that its science is up-to-date, becoming very competitive in the world market, and has areas with high scientific and technological potential.

4. Yes, from an international perspective, Belarusian science can make an important contribution to the progress of humanity. The text mentions that achievements in fields like mathematics and theoretical physics are recognised internationally, and its new high-resolution satellite is a "world's best achievement".

Перевод:

1. Согласно тексту, сферы белорусской науки, которые, вероятно, будут прогрессировать в будущем, включают геномные биотехнологии, искусственный интеллект (ИИ), космическую промышленность, плазменные и лазерные технологии, наномедикаменты и микророботы.

2. Исходя из развивающихся сфер, востребованными научными профессиями, скорее всего, будут биологи и врачи, работающие с геномом человека, физики и специалисты в области информатики, разрабатывающие ИИ, а также инженеры в космической отрасли.

3. Перспективы научного развития в Беларуси описываются как очень позитивные. В тексте говорится, что ее наука соответствует современным тенденциям, становится очень конкурентоспособной на мировом рынке и имеет направления с высоким научно-техническим потенциалом.

4. Да, с международной точки зрения, белорусская наука может внести важный вклад в прогресс человечества. В тексте упоминается, что достижения в таких областях, как математика и теоретическая физика, признаны на международном уровне, а ее новый спутник высокого разрешения является «лучшим мировым достижением».