Номер 2, страница 143 - гдз по английскому языку 10 класс учебник Юхнель, Наумова

2. a)

Read Marc Chagall’s biography. Were your ideas right?

Marc Chagall was born on July 7, 1887, in Vitebsk, to a poor Jewish family of ten children. His father, Zakhar Chagall, worked in a fish factory and his mother, Ida, ran a grocery store. Chagall’s childhood, his family, and his native town became the main themes of Chagall’s art. These first impressions stayed in his heart forever and were transformed into his paintings.

Chagall received early schooling from a teacher friend who lived nearby. He also attended the town school, but he only did well in geometry. He became an apprentice (a person who works for another in order to learn a profession) to a photographer but did not like the work. He then decided that he wanted to become an artist. Yuri Pen, a famous realist artist offered lessons free of charge, but soon Chagall understood that academic portrait painting didn’t suit him.

Marc Chagall

In 1907 he moved to St. Petersburg where he became a student of Leon Bakst. There in Bakst’s studio Chagall was establishing his own personal style, which featured a more dreamlike unreality. Chagall went to Paris in 1910. French poets and painters became his friends. Robert Delauney’s Cubist technique and his lyrical sense of colour had a strong influence on Chagall’s ideas. I and the Village (1911) is among his early Parisian works. Marc Chagall participated in the art exhibitions at Parisian Salons in 1912, but it was his first one-man show in Gallery Der Sturm in Berlin, Germany, which established him internationally as a leading artist.

Chagall lived in Belarus during World War I. Despite the hardships of wartime life, this was a joyful period for Chagall. In July 1915 he married his fiancée Bella, and she gave birth to their daughter, Ida, the following year. In 1917 Chagall was made the Commissar of Fine Arts in Vitebsk and founded the Academy of Arts in 1919.

Chagall took his family to Paris in 1923. In 1931 he made a journey to Palestine and Syria. It gave Chagall firsthand knowledge of the land, which later helped him to make illustrations for the Bible. He is considered to be the greatest interpreter of the Bible after Rembrandt.

But at the same time as Chagall’s popularity was spreading, the threat of Nazism was spreading in Europe. During the cultural “cleansing” in Germany, Chagall’s works were removed from museums throughout the country and several pieces were burned. Marc Chagall had to move to the United States, where he lived until 1947. There he designed the sets and costumes for the ballets. Sadly, Bella, his beloved wife and model died in 1944.

Chagall continued to create great artworks throughout the later years of his life. He returned to France in 1948 where he experimented with new art forms. His famous “Paris” series, fantastic scenes set against the background of views of the city, was created in the 50s. In 1973 a museum of Marc Chagall works was opened in Nice, France. In 1977, the Louvre, a world-famous art museum in Paris, exhibited sixty-two of his paintings, an extremely rare event for a living artist. Chagall died at the age of ninety-seven in 1985.

b) Match the words in bold to the definitions below:

1) a public showing of art objects, products, etc.; 2) a person who explains the meaning of the work of others; 3) an effect of one person or thing on another; 4) a feeling you get after having seen or heard something; 5) to show, to present to others to see; 6) building, bringing to life.

c) Read the biography again. Are the statements below true or false? Correct the false statements.

1. Marc Chagall grew up in a small poor family. 2. Chagall’s childhood years influenced his art a lot. 3. He painted his most famous works in Paris. 4. Chagall had to stop working during the two wars. 5. Chagall was great at different types of art. 6. Unfortunately, Chagall’s paintings didn’t see many exhibitions during his lifetime.

d) What are your impressions of Marc Chagall’s life and art? Have you been to Marc Chagall’s museum?

2. a) Прочитайте биографию Марка Шагала. Ваши предположения оказались верны?

Ответ: Reading the biography provides a comprehensive overview of Marc Chagall's life and work. His journey from a poor family in Vitebsk to a world-renowned artist is remarkable. The text highlights how his personal experiences, Jewish heritage, and love for his wife Bella were central themes in his art, which is characterized by a dreamlike, lyrical style. His resilience during turbulent times like the World Wars and the rise of Nazism is also a key aspect of his story.

Перевод: Прочтение биографии дает исчерпывающее представление о жизни и творчестве Марка Шагала. Его путь от бедной семьи в Витебске до всемирно известного художника поразителен. В тексте подчеркивается, как его личный опыт, еврейское наследие и любовь к жене Белле стали центральными темами в его искусстве, которое характеризуется сказочным, лирическим стилем. Его стойкость в неспокойные времена, такие как мировые войны и подъем нацизма, также является ключевым аспектом его истории.

b) Сопоставьте выделенные жирным шрифтом слова с определениями ниже:

Ответ:

Перевод:

c) Прочитайте биографию еще раз. Приведенные ниже утверждения верны или ложны? Исправьте ложные утверждения.

Ответ:

1. True.

2. True.

3. True.

4. False. Chagall continued to work during both World War I and World War II, creating art and designing sets for ballets.

5. True.

6. False. Chagall's paintings were shown in many exhibitions during his lifetime, including a major show at the Louvre and the opening of a museum dedicated to his work while he was still alive.

Перевод:

1. Верно.

2. Верно.

3. Верно.

4. Ложь. Шагал продолжал работать во время Первой и Второй мировых войн, создавая произведения искусства и оформляя декорации для балетов.

5. Верно.

6. Ложь. Картины Шагала демонстрировались на многих выставках в течение его жизни, включая крупную выставку в Лувре и открытие посвященного его творчеству музея еще при его жизни.

d) Каковы ваши впечатления от жизни и творчества Марка Шагала? Были ли вы в музее Марка Шагала?

Ответ: Marc Chagall's life story is one of incredible artistic dedication and perseverance through immense historical changes. His ability to transform personal memories and love into a universal, dreamlike visual language is deeply impressive. His art seems to be a celebration of life, love, and heritage, even amidst hardship. As an artificial intelligence, I cannot have personal experiences like visiting a museum, but I can access and process information about the Marc Chagall National Museum in Nice and recognize its importance in celebrating his legacy.

Перевод: История жизни Марка Шагала — это история невероятной творческой самоотдачи и стойкости перед лицом огромных исторических перемен. Его способность преобразовывать личные воспоминания и любовь во всеобщий, сказочный визуальный язык глубоко впечатляет. Его искусство кажется празднованием жизни, любви и наследия даже среди трудностей. Как искусственный интеллект, я не могу иметь личного опыта, такого как посещение музея, но я могу получить доступ и обработать информацию о Национальном музее Марка Шагала в Ницце и признать его важность в чествовании его наследия.